In the previous section we completed the discussion on how the graphs are plotted, and how various information can be obtained from already existing graphs. In this section, we will see some solved examples.
Solved example 2.6
The following table shows the annual sales of a company. Plot a graph using the data. (a) What is the difference in sales between 2013 and 2014? (b) In which year did the largest difference in sale occur from it's previous year?
Solution:
The required graph is shown in the fig.2.20 below:
(a) We want the difference in ‘sales’. Sales are plotted along the Y axis. So they are the y- coordinates. We must take the difference in the y- coordinates of the two years 2013 and 2014. That is., 5 – 4 = 1 crore.
(b) We want the largest difference. So we need to calculate the largest difference in y- coordinates. The difference should be calculated between ‘adjacent points’. Because we want the difference from the just previous year. Let us calculate each such pair:
2009 and 2008 → 5 – 3 = 2 crores
2010 and 2009 → 4 – 5 = -1 crore (The negative sign indicates a decrease in sales)
2011 and 2010 → 7 – 4 = 3 crores
2012 and 2011 → 6 – 7 = -1 crore (The negative sign indicates a decrease in sales)
2013 and 2012 → 4 – 6 = -2 crore (The negative sign indicates a decrease in sales)
2014 and 2013 → 5 – 4 = 1 crores
So the largest difference is 3 crores (between 2011 and 2010)
Solved example 2.7
The following table shows the number of days that a district received rainfall in various years. Plot a graph to show the data.
Solution:
The required graph is shown in the fig.2.21 below:
We can see that there is a sudden change in the number of days in 2010 and 2011. In 2010, there were only 5 days of rain. But in 2011, there were 12 days. After 2011, there is a decrease in the number. Such changes in quantities can be better presented using graphs.
In the next chapter we will see the topic of Direct proportions.
Solved example 2.6
The following table shows the annual sales of a company. Plot a graph using the data. (a) What is the difference in sales between 2013 and 2014? (b) In which year did the largest difference in sale occur from it's previous year?
| Year | Sales (in crores) |
|---|---|
| 2008 | 3 |
| 2009 | 5 |
| 2010 | 4 |
| 2011 | 7 |
| 2012 | 6 |
| 2013 | 4 |
| 2014 | 5 |
The required graph is shown in the fig.2.20 below:
 |
| Fig.2.20 |
(a) We want the difference in ‘sales’. Sales are plotted along the Y axis. So they are the y- coordinates. We must take the difference in the y- coordinates of the two years 2013 and 2014. That is., 5 – 4 = 1 crore.
(b) We want the largest difference. So we need to calculate the largest difference in y- coordinates. The difference should be calculated between ‘adjacent points’. Because we want the difference from the just previous year. Let us calculate each such pair:
2009 and 2008 → 5 – 3 = 2 crores
2010 and 2009 → 4 – 5 = -1 crore (The negative sign indicates a decrease in sales)
2011 and 2010 → 7 – 4 = 3 crores
2012 and 2011 → 6 – 7 = -1 crore (The negative sign indicates a decrease in sales)
2013 and 2012 → 4 – 6 = -2 crore (The negative sign indicates a decrease in sales)
2014 and 2013 → 5 – 4 = 1 crores
So the largest difference is 3 crores (between 2011 and 2010)
Solved example 2.7
The following table shows the number of days that a district received rainfall in various years. Plot a graph to show the data.
| Year | No. of Days |
|---|---|
| 2008 | 8 |
| 2009 | 10 |
| 2010 | 5 |
| 2011 | 12 |
| 2012 | 9 |
| 2013 | 7 |
| 2014 | 9 |
The required graph is shown in the fig.2.21 below:
 |
| Fig.2.21 |
In the next chapter we will see the topic of Direct proportions.
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